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A vague ache when reaching for a seatbelt. A sharp catch when putting on a jacket. Frozen shoulder moves through three predictable phases — freezing, frozen, thawing — and the treatment that helps in one phase prolongs the next if applied wrongly. Phase-specific manual therapy and exercise can dramatically shorten the course...... Read

A tremor in one hand. A slight stoop. For many people, Parkinson's disease arrives quietly. But Parkinson's is not the end of an active life — it is the beginning of a different one. One of the most powerful tools against it is targeted, consistent, specialized exercise...... Read

A phone call. A moment that divides life into "before" and "after." Your loved one has just suffered a stroke. There is hope — and this hope has a scientific basis. The brain possesses a remarkable capacity for recovery, provided we act correctly and promptly...... Read

A sprain is an injury to the ligaments and joint capsule structures of a joint, but does not involve muscles and tendons. In the ankle joint, the mechanism of injury is...... Read

Lower back pain is discomfort or dysfunction in the lumbar region — the area of the lower back from the gluteal muscles to the 12th rib. It is a common condition, but in many people it becomes chronic, which is why...... Read

Pain in the broader area of the neck, head, and upper back at the shoulder level is characteristic of neck pain and cervical syndrome. These conditions are marked by pain, stiffness, and functional limitation...... Read

Shoulder pain may originate from the spine or from any of the many structures that make up the shoulder joint, which include...... Read

Assessment by a physiotherapist is essential to identify which structures are affected and to exclude or confirm the presence of other pathological conditions with similar symptoms...... Read

Hip pain is not always a straightforward issue. It may originate from the spine or from any of the many structures that make up the hip joint...... Read

Hand pain can range from mild intensity in specific movements to severe pain even at rest. It is important during assessment to determine whether pain occurs during movement, which specific movements trigger it, and how long it lasts...... Read

Elbow pain can originate from various tissues in the human body — muscle fibers, tendons, bursa, ligaments, bones, cartilage, and nerves. However, it is also possible that pain originates from more than one structure...... Read

Foot pain is not always a simple issue. It may originate from any of the many structures that make up the foot...... Read

Tendinopathy is a broad term that includes tendon pathology, whether chronic or acute, with or without pain. Tendinopathy occurs when the limit of elasticity of certain collagen fibers is exceeded, or the continuity of collagen fiber structure is broken within...... Read

Plantar fasciitis is usually caused by chronic overuse — repeated shear force — on the plantar fascia, a ligamentous structure in the foot that extends from the heel to the toes. This type of injury can result from a variety of aggravating factors, such as excessive standing, running, jumping, and walking, especially on hard or uneven surfaces. Other aggravating factors include limited...... Read

If you suffer from joint pain or stiffness, this may be due to arthritis or osteoarthritis. These conditions are common and affect millions of patients worldwide, but with proper diagnosis and treatment you can manage symptoms and maintain a good quality of life...... Read